Power System Operation
N. Kumar; S. Dahiya; K.P.Singh Parmar
Abstract
The microgrid (μG) is an integration of distributed generation and local loads with energy storage system. Cost minimization is one of the main objectives in modern power systems.Economic dispatch(ED) is a fundamental problem related to μG and the conventional grid. Economic dispatch(ED) provides ...
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The microgrid (μG) is an integration of distributed generation and local loads with energy storage system. Cost minimization is one of the main objectives in modern power systems.Economic dispatch(ED) is a fundamental problem related to μG and the conventional grid. Economic dispatch(ED) provides the optimal output of generators in order to reduce the total operating cost. Emission dispatch (EMD) is one of the other major problems associated with CG. The emission dispatch (EMD) solution provides the optimal generator operation to reduce harmful pollutants for a specific load demand. Multi-objective economic emission dispatch (MEED) provides a compromise between ED and EMD. In this paper, two test systems have been proposed. Test system one consists of Six CG. Static ED, EMD, and MOEED analysis has been provided for test system one. Test system two consists of four CG, One wind turbine generator (WTG), and one photovoltaic module (PVM).This paper intends to provide sensitivity analysis and uncertainty regarding the curtailment cost of RES. CPLEX solver in GAMS has been proposed to optimize the three fundamental problems. Comparative study and sensitivity analysis show optimal results, and the GAMS solver provides a more comprehensive framework. Reduction in cost due to uncertainty in ED is 9.58% as compared to 9.7% for test system two. The cost has been reduced in MEED by 9.33% as compared to 9.46%. MEED comparison shows the increment in cost of 2.66 %, but the emission is reduced by 18.98 % for test system two.
N. Kumar; S. Dahiya; K.P. Singh Parmar
Abstract
Economic dispatch (ED) is one of the key problem in power systems. ED tends to minimize the fuel/operating cost by optimal sizing of conventional generators (CG). Greenhouse/toxic gas emission is one of the major problem associated with the CG. Emission dispatch (EMD) deals with the reduction of greenhouse/toxic ...
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Economic dispatch (ED) is one of the key problem in power systems. ED tends to minimize the fuel/operating cost by optimal sizing of conventional generators (CG). Greenhouse/toxic gas emission is one of the major problem associated with the CG. Emission dispatch (EMD) deals with the reduction of greenhouse/toxic gas emissions by the optimal output of generators. The multi-objective economic emission dispatch (MOEED) problem has been formulated by considering both fuel cost and emission objectives. The main objective is optimization of fuel cost and environmental emissions from the CG in a compromised way. In this paper, CONOPT solver in General Algebraic modeling system (GAMS) has been proposed to find the the optimal solutions for ED, EMD, and MOEED problems of a microgrid. The microgrid consists of a wind turbine generator (WTG), a photovoltaic (PV) module, three CGs, and a battery energy storage system (BESS) option. The proposed algorithm has been implemented in four case studies, including all energy sources, without WTG, without PV module, and without renewable energy sources (RES). To establish the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm, it has been compared with various algorithms. The comparison result shows that proposed algorithm is more effective, novel, and powerful. Finally, result shows the effectiveness of proposed approach to optimize the objective function for all aforementioned case studies and the CONOPT solver in GAMS outperformed all the approaches in comparison. The impact of BESS on the operating/fuel cost of the microgrid has also been presented for ED. Paradigm is changing in terms of demand response in µG. Demand flexibility (DF) model has also been established with consumers demand variation in optimization process. Result with DF shows the reduction in cost and better management from demand side.
