The Effect of High Penetration Level of Distributed Generation Sources on Voltage Stability Analysis in Unbalanced Distribution Systems Considering Load Model

Document Type : Research paper

Authors

1 Department of Electrical and robotic Engineering, Shahrood University of Technology, Shahrood, Iran.

2 Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada.

3 Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Sultan Qaboos University, Muscat 123, Sultanate of Oman.

Abstract

Static voltage stability is considered as one of the main issues for primary identification before voltage collapsing in distribution systems. Although, the optimum siting of distributed generation resources in distribution electricity network can play a significant role in voltage stability improving and losses reduction, the high penetration level of them can lead to reduction in the improvement of load-ability. Moreover, the rapid variation and types of loads in distribution networks will have a significant impact on the maximum load-ability across the whole system. In this paper, a modified voltage stability index is presented with regard to distributed generation units (DG) along with two-tier load model. By applying the Imperialist Competition Algorithm (ICA), the best size of DG with corresponding of DG placement is used to improve the voltage stability and reducing the losses. It is shown in the paper that the DG penetration level can have influence on load-ability of the system and also the voltage regulators performance. The simulation results on the standard IEEE-13 Bus test feeder illustrate the precision of studies method and the load-ability limits in the system, taking into account the high penetration level of distributed generation units.

Keywords

Main Subjects


[1]    Y. M. Atwa, E. F. El-Saadany, M. M. A. Salama, R. Seethapathy, “Optimal renewable resources mix for distribution system energy loss minimization,” IEEE Trans. Power Syst., vol. 25, no. 1, pp. 360-370, 2010.
[2]    M. Ettehadi, H. Ghasemi, S. Vaez-Zadeh, “Voltage Stability-Based DG Placement in Distribution electricity networks,” IEEE Trans. Power Del., vol. 28, no. 1, 2013.
[3]    S. Ghaemi, K. Zare, “A New Method of Distribution Marginal Price Calculation in Distribution Networks by Considering the Effect of Distributed Generations Location on Network Loss”, J. Oper. Autom. Power Eng., vol. 5, No. 2, Dec. 2017, Pages: 171-180.
[4]    R. walling, et. al., “summary of distributed resources impact on power delivery systems,” IEEE Trans. Power Del., vol. 23, 2008.
[5]    M. Thomson, D. G. Infield, “Network power flow analysis for a high penetration of distributed generation,” IEEE Trans. Power syst., vol. 22, pp. 1157-1162, 2007.
[6]    P.P. Barker, R.W. de Mello, “Determining the impact of Distributed generation on power systems: Part 1 —radial distribution systems,” Proc. IEEE Power Eng. Soc. Summer Meeting, pp. 1645-1654, 2000.
[7]    R. S. Al Abri, E. F. El-Saadany; Y. M. Atwa, “optimal placement and sizing method to improve the voltage stability margin in a distribution system using distributed generation,” IEEE Trans. Power syst., vol. 28, 2013.
[8]    P. Aristidou, G. Valverde, T. V. Cutsem, “Contribution of Distribution Network Control to Voltage Stability: A Case Study”, IEEE Trans. Smart Grid, 2017, vol. 8, no. 1, pp: 106 –116.
[9]    R. A. Walling, R. Saint, R. C. Dugan, J. Burke, L. A. Kojovic, “Summary of Distributed Resources Impact on Power Delivery Systems”, IEEE Trans. Power Del., vol. 23, no. 3, JULY 2008.
[10]  D. Guiping, J. Xu, “A new index of voltage stability considering Distribution electricity network,” IEEE Asia-Pac. Power Energy Eng. Conf., 2009.
[11]  T. Van Custem, “voltage stability of electic powet systems,” Springer Sci. Bus. Media, vol. 441, 1998.
[12]  K.Liu, W. Sheng, L. Hu, Y. Liu, X. Meng, D. Jia, “Simplified probabilistic voltage stability evaluation considering variable renewable distributed generation in distribution systems”, IET Gener. Transm. Distrib., 2015, vol. 9, no. 12, pp. 1464–1473.
[13]  X. Ran, S. Miao, “Probabilistic evaluation for static voltage stability for unbalanced three-phase distribution system”, IET Gener. Transm. Distrib., 2015, vol. 9, no. 14, pp. 2050–2059.
[14]  F. Namdari, L. Hatamvand, N. Shojaei, H. Beiranvand, “Simultaneous RPD and SVC Placement in Power Systems for Voltage Stability Improvement Using a Fuzzy Weighted Seeker Optimization Algorithm”, J. Oper. Autom. Power Eng., vol. 2, no. 2, pp. 129-140, 2014.
[15]  S. Derafshi Beigvand, H. Abdi, S. N. Singh, “Voltage stability analysis in radial smart distribution grids,” IET Gener. Transm. Distrib., vol. 11 no. 15, pp. 3722-3730, 2017.
[16]  M. Chakravorty, D. Das, “Voltage stability analysis of radial distribution networks,” Elsevier Sci. Ltd., Electr. Power Energy Syst., 23 (2001) 129-135.
[17]  T. Zabaiou, L. A. Dessaint, I. Kamwa, “preventive control approach for voltage stability improvement using voltage stability constrained optimal power flow based on static line voltage stability indices,” IET Gener. Transm. Distrib.., vol. 8, pp. 924-934, 2014.
[18]  M. Banejad, M. Kazeminejad, “Load effects on voltage stability in Distribution electricity network with considering of distributed generation,” IEEE conf. 58th Int. Sci. conf. power Electr. Eng., 2017.
[19]  K. A. Birt, J. J. Graffy, A. H. El-Abiad, “Three phase load flow program,” IEEE Trans. Power App. Syst., vol. 95, no. 1, 1976.
[20]  X. P. Zhang, “Fast three phase load flow methods,” IEEE Trans. Power syst., vol. 11, no. 3, 1996.
[21]  D. Singh, R. K. Misra, De. Singh, “Effect of load models in distributed generation planning,” IEEE Trans. Power syst., vol. 22, no. 4, 2007.
[22]  T. Gozel, M.H. Hocaoglu, U. Eminoglu, A. Balikci, “optimal placement and sizing of distributed generation on radial feeder with different static load models,” Int. Conf. Future Power Syst., 2005.
[23]  J. Machowski, “Power System Dynamics Stability and Control,” John Wiley and Sons, Ltd, Second Edition, 2008.
[24]  IEEE Task Force on Load Representation for Dynamic Performance, “Bibliography on load models for power flow and dynamic performance simulation,” IEEE Trans. Power syst., vol. 10, 1995.
[25]  IEEE Standard for Distributed Resoursec “Interconnected with Electric Power Systems,” IEEE p1547 std. 2002.
[26]  R. A. Walling, et. Al. “Summary of distributed resources impact on power delivery systems,” IEEE Trans. Power Del., vol. 23, no. 3, 2008.
[27]  M. Abdel-Akher, “Voltage stability analysis of unbalanced distribution systems using backward/forward sweep load-flow analysis method with secant predictor”, IET Gener. Transm. Distrib., 2013, vol. 7, no. 3, pp. 309-317.
[28]  A. Soroudi M. Ehsan, “Imperialist competition algorithm for distributed generation connections”, IET Gener. Transm. Distrib., 2012, Vol. 6, Iss. 1, pp. 21–29.
[29]  Musirin, T. K. Abdul Rahman, “On-Line Voltage Stability Based Contingency Ranking Using Fast Voltage Stability Index (FVSI),” IEEE/PES Transm. Distrib. Conf. Exhibition, Yokohama, Japan, 6-10 Oct. 2002.
[30]  M.M. Aman, G.B. Jasmon, H. Mokhlis, A.H.A. Bakar, “Optimal placement and sizing of a DG based on a new power stability index and line losses”, Elsevier Sci.Ltd., Electr. Power Energy Syst., vol. 43 pp.1296-1304, 2012.
[31]  IEEE PES Distribution Systems Analysis Subcommittee Radial Test Feeders. http://sites.ieee.org/pestestfeeders/re-sources/ .