Planing & Reliability
A. Ghaedi; M. Mahmoudian; R. Sedaghati
Abstract
In recent years, due to rising social welfare, the reliability has become one of most important topics of modern power network and electricity companies try to provide the electric power to the consumers with minimal interruptions. For this purpose, the electricity companies to improve the reliability ...
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In recent years, due to rising social welfare, the reliability has become one of most important topics of modern power network and electricity companies try to provide the electric power to the consumers with minimal interruptions. For this purpose, the electricity companies to improve the reliability of the power system can utilize different techniques. In this paper, new developments occurred in electricity industry including integration of large-scale renewable resources, integration of large capacity energy storage systems, integration of combined heat and electricity units into power network and demand side response plans are taken into account, and these events impact on power network reliability is assessed. Power networks are affected with integration of renewable resources. Multi-state reliability models for renewable generation plants are obtained, in the paper. Suitable number of states in the proposed reliability model is selected by calculating XB index. Besides, fuzzy c-means clustering approach is utilized for determining probability of states. For study impact of energy storage systems with large capacity on power network reliability, load model is modified. To investigate effect of combined heat and power plants on power network reliability, failure of composed elements and produced thermal power are considered in reliability model of these plants. To evaluate demand side response impact on reliability of power network, the load model is modified. The effectiveness of the proposed techniques on the reliability enhancement of power network is satisfied using numerical results performed on reliability test systems based on the suggested methods.
Energy Management
G.R Aghajani; I. Heydari
Abstract
Microgrid and smart electrical grids are among the new concepts in power systems that support new technologies within themselves. Electric cars are some advanced technologies that their optimized use can increase grid efficiency. The modern electric cars sometimes, through the necessary infrastructure ...
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Microgrid and smart electrical grids are among the new concepts in power systems that support new technologies within themselves. Electric cars are some advanced technologies that their optimized use can increase grid efficiency. The modern electric cars sometimes, through the necessary infrastructure and proper management, can serve as an energy source to supply grid loads. This study was conducted to investigate the energy management for production and storage resources. For this purpose, we considered the market price of energy, the prices quoted by distributed generation sources, and electric vehicles in the grid and responsive loads. The load response programs used include the time of use and direct load control. The problem has a linear mixed-integer planning structure that was simulated using the GAMS software. The results show that with this planning, the proposed load response programs have a positive impact on cost reduction.
Power System Operation
H. Mousavi-Sarabi; M. Jadidbonab; B. Mohammadi ivatloo
Abstract
The impact of different energy storages on power systems has become more important due to the development of energy storage technologies. This paper optimizes the stochastic scheduling of a wind-based multiple energy system (MES) and evaluates the operation of the proposed system in combination with ...
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The impact of different energy storages on power systems has become more important due to the development of energy storage technologies. This paper optimizes the stochastic scheduling of a wind-based multiple energy system (MES) and evaluates the operation of the proposed system in combination with electrical and thermal demand-response programs and the three-mode CAES (TM-CAES) unit. The proposed wind-integrated MES consists of a TM-CAES unit, electrical boiler unit, and thermal storage system which can exchange thermal energy with the local thermal network and exchange electricity with the local grid. The electrical and thermal demands as well as wind farm generation are modeled as a scenario-based stochastic problem using the Monte Carlo simulation method. Afterwards, the computational burden is reduced by applying a proper scenario-reduction algorithm to initial scenarios. Finally, the proposed methodology is implemented to a case study to evaluate the effectiveness and appropriateness of the proposed method.
Distribution Systems
M. Alilou; D. Nazarpour; H. Shayeghi
Abstract
The optimal management of distributed generation (DG) enhances the efficiency of the distribution system; On the other hand, increasing the interest of customers in optimizing their consumption improves the performance of DG. This act is called demand side management. In this study, a new method based ...
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The optimal management of distributed generation (DG) enhances the efficiency of the distribution system; On the other hand, increasing the interest of customers in optimizing their consumption improves the performance of DG. This act is called demand side management. In this study, a new method based on the intelligent algorithm is proposed to optimal operate the demand side management in the presence of DG units and demand response. Firstly, the best location and capacity of different technologies of DG are selected by optimizing the technical index including the active and reactive loss and the voltage profile. Secondly, the daily performance of multi-DG and grid is optimized with and without considering the demand response. The economic and environmental indices are optimized in this step. In both steps, the non-dominated sorting firefly algorithm is utilized to multi-objective optimize the objective functions and then the fuzzy decision-making method is used to select the best result from the Pareto optimal solutions. Finally, the proposed method is implemented on the IEEE 33-bus distribution system and actual 101-bus distribution systems in Khoy-Iran. The obtained numerical results indicate the impact of the proposed method on improving the technical, economic and environmental indices of the distribution system.
Micro Grid
M. Majidi; S. Nojavan
Abstract
Utilization of energy storage system (ESS) in microgrids has turned to be necessary in recent years and now with the improvement of storage technologies, system operators are looking for an exact modeling and calculation for optimal sizing of ESS. In the proposed paper, optimal size of ESS is determined ...
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Utilization of energy storage system (ESS) in microgrids has turned to be necessary in recent years and now with the improvement of storage technologies, system operators are looking for an exact modeling and calculation for optimal sizing of ESS. In the proposed paper, optimal size of ESS is determined in a microgrid considering demand response program (DRP) and reliability criterion. Both larger and small-scale ESSs have their own problems. A large-scale ESS reduces microgrid operating cost but it includes higher investment costs while a small-scale ESS has less investment cost. The main goal of the proposed paper is find optimal size of ESS in which microgrid investment cost as well as operating cost are minimized. Since the renewable units may not have stable production and also because of the outages that conventional units may have, ESS is utilized and then a reliability index called reliability criterion is obtained. Furthermore, effects of reliability criterion and DRP on optimal sizing of ESS are evaluated. A mixed-integer programing (MIP) is used to model the proposed stochastic ESS optimal sizing problem in a microgrid and GAMS optimization software is used to solve it. Five study cases are studied and the results are presented for comparison.
Energy Management
H. Shayeghi; E. Shahryari
Abstract
Utilizing distributed generations (DGs) near load points has introduced the concept of microgrid. However, stochastic nature of wind and solar power generation as well as electricity load makes it necessary to utilize an energy management system (EMS) to manage hourly power of microgrid and optimally ...
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Utilizing distributed generations (DGs) near load points has introduced the concept of microgrid. However, stochastic nature of wind and solar power generation as well as electricity load makes it necessary to utilize an energy management system (EMS) to manage hourly power of microgrid and optimally supply the demand. As a result, this paper utilizes demand response program (DRP) and battery to tackle this difficulty. To do so, an incentive-based DRP has been utilized and the effects of applying DRP on microgrid EMS problem have been studied. The objective functions of microgrid EMS problem include the total cost and emission. These metrics are combined in a multi-objective formulation and solved by the proposed multi-objective group search optimization (MOGSO) algorithm. After obtaining Pareto fronts, the best compromise solution is determined by using fuzzy decision making (FDM) technique. Studies have been employed on a test microgrid composed of a wind turbine, photovoltaic, fuel cell, micro turbine and battery while it is connected to the upper-grid. Simulation results approve the efficiency of the proposed method in hourly operation management of microgrid components.
