Power System Stability
F. Babaei; A. Safari; J. Salehi; H. Shayeghi
Abstract
Although the presence of clean energy resources in power systems is required to reduce greenhouse gas emissions, system security faces severe challenges due to its increased intelligence and expansion, as well as the high penetration of renewable energy resources. According to new operating policies, ...
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Although the presence of clean energy resources in power systems is required to reduce greenhouse gas emissions, system security faces severe challenges due to its increased intelligence and expansion, as well as the high penetration of renewable energy resources. According to new operating policies, power systems should withstand subsequent single contingencies. Also, the effect of electrical and structural characteristics must be considered in power system security assessment. Thus, this paper introduces a comprehensive risk-based approach that quantifies the impact of contingency-induced variation in topology by using complex network theory metrics. Then, it identifies elements that surpass security limitations and eliminates them to execute cascading outage analysis via AC power flow. Lastly, wind power uncertainty and contingency probability are multiplied by the linear combination of electrical and structural consequences, and security status is assigned to each contingency based on its risk value. Additionally, simulations are carried out on modified 118 and 300 bus IEEE systems, and the extensive results are utilized to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed methodology.
Power Electronic
H. Shayeghi; R. Mohajery; N. Bizon
Abstract
This research introduces a modified design for non-isolated DC-DC converters with a high voltage gain using the design concepts of a coupled inductor (CI) and a hybrid voltage multiplier cell. It is attainable to further increase the output gain without requiring a higher duty cycle or a large turn ratio ...
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This research introduces a modified design for non-isolated DC-DC converters with a high voltage gain using the design concepts of a coupled inductor (CI) and a hybrid voltage multiplier cell. It is attainable to further increase the output gain without requiring a higher duty cycle or a large turn ratio of CI. This means that the power switch won't be under too much voltage stress. The suggested converter's important features are low maximum voltage across all semiconductor components, considerable efficiency, and a substantial voltage conversion ratio. In addition, the suggested topology includes diodes with soft switching conditions, which allows for a reduction in reverse recovery losses and an improvement in system efficiency. The proposed topology includes input current continuity, a single power switch, and a common ground between the source and the load. Operating analysis, theoretical definitions, efficiency investigation, and a literature review of comparable structures have been considered to demonstrate the proposed structure's functionality. An experimental prototype has also been established, featuring 115V output voltage, 20V input voltage, and 40kHz switching frequency, to facilitate the assessment of the proposed converter's efficacy.
F. Sedaghati; S. Ebrahimzadeh; H. Dolati; H. Shayeghi
Abstract
Switched capacitor multilevel inverters with low input DC voltage sources and voltage boost capability are very attractive to producing a high voltage levels in the output. The paper introduces a modified switched capacitor multilevel inverter with voltage boost capability. The suggested topology can ...
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Switched capacitor multilevel inverters with low input DC voltage sources and voltage boost capability are very attractive to producing a high voltage levels in the output. The paper introduces a modified switched capacitor multilevel inverter with voltage boost capability. The suggested topology can be extended into symmetric and asymmetric configurations. Nearest-level modulation method is employed to generate high-quality output waveforms. The presented multilevel inverter is compared with the similar configurations by considering various criteria. Finally, to confirm the operation of the suggested topology, a laboratory scale of the suggested inverter is implemented and the results are given.
H. Shayeghi; S. Pourjafar; S.M. Hashemzadeh; F. Sedaghati
Abstract
In this article, a novel topology of DC-DC converter based on voltage multiplier cell and coupled inductor with higher efficiency and low blocking voltage across semiconductor is proposed for renewable energy application. The recommended topology obtains a high voltage gain using voltage multiplier cell ...
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In this article, a novel topology of DC-DC converter based on voltage multiplier cell and coupled inductor with higher efficiency and low blocking voltage across semiconductor is proposed for renewable energy application. The recommended topology obtains a high voltage gain using voltage multiplier cell and one coupled inductor. Only one power switch is utilized in this structure, which reduces the converter's cost. The other benefits of this converter are low number of components, high efficiency due to the zero-voltage switching and the zero-current switching of diodes, and low blocking voltage of the power switch and diodes. Besides, the voltage multiplier cell acts as a passive clamp circuit and reduces the voltage stress across the power switch. Thus, a low rated power switch can be used in the presented topology. Due to the zero-current switching in Off-state, the reverse recovery problem of diodes is reduced. To illustrate the performance and superiority of the presented topology, operation modes, steady-state and efficiency analysis, and the comparison study with other similar converters are presented. Finally, a 160~W experimental prototype with 50~kHz switching frequency and 17 V input voltage are built to confirm the theoretical investigation and effectiveness of the proposed converter.
H. Shayeghi; A. Rahnama
Abstract
This paper's main purpose is to offer an innovative multistage controller for load-frequency regulation of a standalone interconnected microgrid (SMG). A multistage TDF(FOPI+1) controller is designed, with the first stage being a filter built of the tilting and derivative operators. Transferring the ...
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This paper's main purpose is to offer an innovative multistage controller for load-frequency regulation of a standalone interconnected microgrid (SMG). A multistage TDF(FOPI+1) controller is designed, with the first stage being a filter built of the tilting and derivative operators. Transferring the integrator component to the second stage of the controller and employing its fractional-order (FO) form as a FO proportional-integrator (FOPI) controller results in the latter stage of the controller. To calculate the optimal controller parameters, the recently introduced Bonobo optimization algorithm (BOA) is applied. Besides, the optimization objective function is a mix of the control error signal in each area and the dynamic response characteristics of the system. In complex operating conditions such as sudden changes in power demands, uncertainties in renewable energy units' output, considering nonlinear factors, and parametric uncertainties in a two-area SMG, the performance of the proposed controller is compared with classical and multistage controllers. The results show that the TDF(1+FOPI) controller has a competent dynamic response and can be a suitable choice for performing LFC duties in SMGs. This control strategy's advantages include enhanced controller resistivity in diverse circumstances, faster reaction times, and better dynamic behavior. The results of the five studied scenarios show that using the proposed control strategy, the value of the objective function is improved by an average of more than 50% compared to other classical and conventional controllers. Similarly, improvements of more than 70% and 50% in key integral of time-weighted square error (ITSE) and Integral of absolute error (IAE) time zone indicators, respectively, are among the results of these studies.
N. Afsari; S.J. SeyedShenava; H. Shayeghi
Abstract
The inevitable emergence of intelligent distribution networks has introduced new features in these networks. According to most experts, self-healing is one of the main abilities of smart distribution networks. This feature increases the reliability and resiliency of networks by reacting fast and restoring ...
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The inevitable emergence of intelligent distribution networks has introduced new features in these networks. According to most experts, self-healing is one of the main abilities of smart distribution networks. This feature increases the reliability and resiliency of networks by reacting fast and restoring the critical loads (CLs) during a fault. Nevertheless, the stochastic nature of the components in a power system imposes significant computational risk in enabling the system to self-heal. In this paper, a mathematical model is introduced for the self-healing operation of networked Microgrids (MGs) to assess the risk in the optimal service restoration (SR) problem. Electric vehicles (EVs) and plug-in hybrid electric vehicles (PHEVs) and their stochastic nature besides the distributed generation units (DGs), the ability to reconfiguration, and demand response program are considered simultaneously. The objective function is designed to maximize the restored loads and minimize the risk. The Conditional Value-at-Risk (CVaR) is used to calculate the risk of the SR as one of the most efficient and famous risk indices. In the general case study and considering $\beta $ equal to the 0, 1, 2, 3, and 4, expected values of SR for the risk-averse problem is 21.2, 20, 19.3, 19.1, and 19\% less than the risk-neutral problem, respectively. The formulation of the problem is mixed-integer linear programming (MILP), and the model is tested in the modified Civanlar test system. The analysis of several case studies has proved the performance of the proposed model and the importance of risk management in the problem.
A. Hasanzadeh; H. Shayeghi; S.R. Mousavi aghdam
Abstract
This paper presents a new fuzzy direct power control of double-fed induction generators (DFIG) in the wind power system. The most important issue in the application of DFIG generators is proper control of the active and reactive powers of these generators, which are generally carried out by vector control ...
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This paper presents a new fuzzy direct power control of double-fed induction generators (DFIG) in the wind power system. The most important issue in the application of DFIG generators is proper control of the active and reactive powers of these generators, which are generally carried out by vector control or direct torque/power control methods. Direct power control (DPC) directly controls the active and reactive powers of the stator, and stems from results from direct torque control. To use the vector control method, it is necessary to use conventional PI controllers the main disadvantage being the controller robustness due to the nonlinear behavior of the wind turbine and blade oscillations, and it is unavoidable that after a while, the controller's coefficients need to be updated. Therefore, the main purpose of this paper is to present a direct power control method based on fuzzy construction to overcome the mentioned problem. Simulation results of the proposed strategy are extracted under different performance conditions, and these results are compared with the conventional vector-oriented control method. These comprehensive results exhibit the effectiveness of the proposed fuzzy DPC method for the DFIGs based wind power systems.
E. Naderi; A. Dejamkhooy; S.J. SeyedShenava; H. Shayeghi
Abstract
Recently due to technical, economical, and environmental reasons, penetration of renewable energy resources has increased in the power systems. On the other hand, the utilization of these resources in remote areas and capable regions as isolated microgrids has several advantages. In this paper, a hybrid ...
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Recently due to technical, economical, and environmental reasons, penetration of renewable energy resources has increased in the power systems. On the other hand, the utilization of these resources in remote areas and capable regions as isolated microgrids has several advantages. In this paper, a hybrid microgrid, which includes photovoltaic (PV)/wind/energy storage, is investigated. It has been located in Iran-Khalkhal. The purposes of this study are optimal energy management and sizing of the microgrid. Since the magnitude of the harvested renewable energy deals severely and complexly with season and climate issues, planning of the system based on their specific values is an oversimplification. Therefore, in addition to conventional constraints such as environmental and operational ones, estimation of the wind speed at the site is considered. The Monte Carlo method is employed to model and estimate wind behavior. Also, for regulating production and demand in the microgrid the Demand Response (DR) program is conducted to improve the contribution of the renewable energy resources. The planning is constructed as an optimization problem. It is formulated as a Mixed Integer Linear Programming (MILP). By solving it, the size and production magnitude of energy sources, as well as storage conditions, are determined. Finally, the proposed method is simulated by GAMS for all seasons of two scenarios. The results show desirable energy management and cost reduction in the studied grid.
H. Shayeghi; M. Alilou
Abstract
In the last years, microgrids have been introduced for better managing the overall power network. The two-way communication between supplier and consumer sides of a smart microgrid causes to better apply the demand side management methods to this type of system. For this reason, the multi-objective demand ...
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In the last years, microgrids have been introduced for better managing the overall power network. The two-way communication between supplier and consumer sides of a smart microgrid causes to better apply the demand side management methods to this type of system. For this reason, the multi-objective demand side management of a smart microgrid is investigated in this study. The economic and environmental indices of the microgrid are considered as the primary objective functions of the proposed demand side management method. The load variations of the microgrid are improved based on the applied demand response program. The operator of the microgrid can provide the demand of the system using a wind turbine, photovoltaic panel, diesel generator, micro turbine, fuel cell, energy storage system and the upstream network. The stochastic behavior of renewable units is also considered to evaluate the proposed method in a more realistic condition. The combination of the multi-objective ant lion optimization algorithm and the analytical hierarchy process method is utilized to solve the demand side management problem. Numerical results, which are obtained from evaluating the proposed method in a sample microgrid, demonstrate the high efficiency of the proposed demand side management method in improving the economic and environmental indices of the microgrid.
Power System Operation
S. Ghaderi; H. Shayeghi; Y. Hashemi
Abstract
In this paper, a model for hybrid transmission expansion planning (TEP) and reactive power planning (RPP) considering demand response (DR) model has been presented. In this study RPP considered by TEP for its effects on lines capacity and reduction of system expansion costs. On the other hand the expansion ...
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In this paper, a model for hybrid transmission expansion planning (TEP) and reactive power planning (RPP) considering demand response (DR) model has been presented. In this study RPP considered by TEP for its effects on lines capacity and reduction of system expansion costs. On the other hand the expansion of the transmission system is an important subject, especially dealing with the new issues of smart networks like as demand response. Demand response program can change the network expansion planning by shifting elasticity loads and reducing of peak load to improve conditions and decrease the costs. To combine demand response model into the transmission expansion planning and reactive power planning, nonlinear mixed integer meta-heuristic optimization algorithm is used. To evaluate the impact of the proposed expansion planning, this model is exerted to the 30-bus test system. Simulation outcomes display the proposed technique considering demand response model reduces the overall cost of the hybrid TEP-RPP.
Micro Grid
A.M. Dejamkhooy; M. Hamedi; H. Shayeghi; S.J. SeyedShenava
Abstract
A stand-alone microgrid usually contains a set of distributed generation resources, energy storage system and loads that can be used to supply electricity of remote areas. These areas are small in terms of population and industry. Connection of these areas to the national distribution network due to ...
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A stand-alone microgrid usually contains a set of distributed generation resources, energy storage system and loads that can be used to supply electricity of remote areas. These areas are small in terms of population and industry. Connection of these areas to the national distribution network due to the high costs of constructing transmission lines is not economical. Optimal utilization and economic management of production units and storage devices are important issues in isolated microgrids. During optimum utilization, of renewable energy harvesting is maximized and fuel cost of diesel units reduces as much as possible. In this paper, the optimization problem is designed and solved as Linear Programming (LP). The cost of diesel generator unit depends on its production. Also, the fact is considered that the efficiency of diesel generator units is not constant for all amount of production. As a solution for this challenge demand side management plans have been proposed. On the other hand, load uncertainty is considered in this paper. Several scenarios are simulated by GAMS software for different conditions of a typical microgrid. The simulation results show the success of the proposed method in reducing costs and fossil fuel consumption and increasing the consumption of renewable energy.
Energy Management
E. Shahryari; H. Shayeghi; B. Mohammadi-ivatloo; M. Moradzadeh
Abstract
Recently, economic and environmental problems have created a strong attitude toward utilizing renewable energy sources (RESs). Nevertheless, uncertainty of wind and solar power leads to a more complicated energy management (EM) of RESs in microgrids. This paper models and solves the EM problem of microgrid ...
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Recently, economic and environmental problems have created a strong attitude toward utilizing renewable energy sources (RESs). Nevertheless, uncertainty of wind and solar power leads to a more complicated energy management (EM) of RESs in microgrids. This paper models and solves the EM problem of microgrid from the generation point of view. To do this, mathematical formulation of a grid- connected microgrid including wind turbine (WT), photovoltaic (PV), micro turbine (MT), fuel cell (FC) and energy storage system (ESS) is presented. Furthermore an improved incentive-based demand response program (DRP) is applied in microgrid EM problem to flatten the load pattern. Comprehensive studying of EM in both intra-day and day-ahead markets is another contribution of this paper. However, the main novelty of this paper is proposing a new uncertainty modeling technique which is based on copula function and scenario generation. This paper tries to optimize operational cost and environmental pollution as the objective functions and solve them using group search optimization (GSO) algorithm. Numerical results approve the efficiency of the proposed method in solving microgrid EM problem.
Renewable Energy
H. Shayeghi; Y. Hashemi
Abstract
In this paper, an optimal design of the renewable combustion plant has been investigated with the aim of ensuring the required load on the Gorgor station. The purpose of this study is to minimize the cost of the proposed hybrid unit during the period of operation of the designed system simultaneously. ...
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In this paper, an optimal design of the renewable combustion plant has been investigated with the aim of ensuring the required load on the Gorgor station. The purpose of this study is to minimize the cost of the proposed hybrid unit during the period of operation of the designed system simultaneously. Information on the intensity of solar radiation and the intensity of wind blowing in the area are taken and applied in the simulation of the system. The intended target function includes the cost of investment, replacement cost and maintenance cost. After the design phase, the main objective is to check the economic benefits of the project's utilization from the grid and compare it with the renewable electricity system, as well as to calculate the initial investment return in renewable electricity. First, the initial cost of consuming electricity from this project is calculated using a renewable electricity system, and then the cost of project is determined using the national grid. Further, by calculating the annual current cost of each of these combinations, the investment return in each mode is obtained. Various options for the use of renewable energies are surveyed separately and in combination. The technical-economic analysis is done on each of these options and ultimately the best one is presented.
Power Electronic
M. Eskandarpour Azizkandi; F. Sedaghati; H. Shayeghi
Abstract
In this paper, a new high efficiency, high step-up, non-isolated, interleaved DC-DC converter for renewable energy applications is presented. In the suggested topology, two modified step-up KY converters are interleaved to obtain a high conversion ratio without the use of coupled inductors. In comparison ...
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In this paper, a new high efficiency, high step-up, non-isolated, interleaved DC-DC converter for renewable energy applications is presented. In the suggested topology, two modified step-up KY converters are interleaved to obtain a high conversion ratio without the use of coupled inductors. In comparison with the conventional interleaved DC-DC converters such as boost, buck-boost, SEPIC, ZETA and CUK, the presented converter has higher voltage gain that is obtained with a suitable duty cycle. Despite the high voltage gain of the proposed converter, the voltage stress of the power switches and diodes is low. Therefore, switches with low conduction losses can be applied to improve the converter efficiency. Moreover, due to utilization of interleaving techniques, the input current ripple is low which makes the suggested converter a good candidate for renewable energy applications such as PV power system. Operation principle and steady-state analysis of the proposed converter in continuous conduction mode (CCM) and discontinuous conduction mode (DCM) are discussed in detail. Also, theoretical efficiency of the proposed converter is calculated. Finally, in order to evaluate the proposed converter operation by a renewable energy source such as a PV, the simulation results are presented. Moreover, a 220W prototype of the presented DC-DC converter is designed and implemented in the laboratory to verify its performance.
Micro Grid
H. Shayeghi; A. Younesi
Distribution Systems
M. Alilou; D. Nazarpour; H. Shayeghi
Abstract
The optimal management of distributed generation (DG) enhances the efficiency of the distribution system; On the other hand, increasing the interest of customers in optimizing their consumption improves the performance of DG. This act is called demand side management. In this study, a new method based ...
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The optimal management of distributed generation (DG) enhances the efficiency of the distribution system; On the other hand, increasing the interest of customers in optimizing their consumption improves the performance of DG. This act is called demand side management. In this study, a new method based on the intelligent algorithm is proposed to optimal operate the demand side management in the presence of DG units and demand response. Firstly, the best location and capacity of different technologies of DG are selected by optimizing the technical index including the active and reactive loss and the voltage profile. Secondly, the daily performance of multi-DG and grid is optimized with and without considering the demand response. The economic and environmental indices are optimized in this step. In both steps, the non-dominated sorting firefly algorithm is utilized to multi-objective optimize the objective functions and then the fuzzy decision-making method is used to select the best result from the Pareto optimal solutions. Finally, the proposed method is implemented on the IEEE 33-bus distribution system and actual 101-bus distribution systems in Khoy-Iran. The obtained numerical results indicate the impact of the proposed method on improving the technical, economic and environmental indices of the distribution system.
Renewable Energy
H. Shayeghi; Y. Hashemi
Abstract
This paper presents a model for line extension scheduled to participate in responsive loads in the power system aiming the improvement of techno-economical parameters. The model is studied with the presence of photovoltaic generators that produce variable power depending on the geographical condition. ...
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This paper presents a model for line extension scheduled to participate in responsive loads in the power system aiming the improvement of techno-economical parameters. The model is studied with the presence of photovoltaic generators that produce variable power depending on the geographical condition. The investment cost of the transmission expansion plan, demand response operation cost, generation costs and the sum of the voltage deviations are the four indices that the optimization problem is designed based on these four criteria. Objective functions are dynamic variables that change daily due to variation in generation and load. A multi-objective optimization method based on the analytic hierarchy technique is employed to solve the problem. The Pareto-optimal set is extracted with gravitational search style and the best solution is fund by AHT manner. Studies are carried out on the modified 30-bus and 24-bus IEEE test system to confirm the capability of the presented model. Two frameworks are defined to compare the suggested manner. A different amount of PV penetration is discussed in several scenarios. Also, load uncertainty is formulated and involved based on probability distribution function.
Application of Automatic Control in Power System
A. Akbarimajd; M. Olyaee; H. Shayeghi; B. Sobhani
Abstract
This paper aims to design an optimal distributed multi-agent controller for load frequency control and optimal power flow purposes. The controller parameters are optimized using Grey Wolf Optimization (GWO) algorithm. The designed optimal distributed controller is employed for load frequency control ...
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This paper aims to design an optimal distributed multi-agent controller for load frequency control and optimal power flow purposes. The controller parameters are optimized using Grey Wolf Optimization (GWO) algorithm. The designed optimal distributed controller is employed for load frequency control in the IEEE 30-bus test system with six generators. The controller of each generator is considered as one agent. The controllers of agents are implemented in a distributed manner that is control rule of each agent depends on the agents’ own state and the states of their neighbors. Three other types of controllers including centralized controller, decentralized controller, and optimal centralized controller are considered for comparison. The performances of decentralized and distributed controllers are compared with two centralized controllers. In the optimal centralized controller and optimal distributed controller, the objective function is considered to achieve the objective of load frequency control as well as minimize power generation. Simulation results using MATLAB/SIMULINK show that although there is no global information of system in the optimal distributed controller, it has suitably reduced the frequency deviation. Meanwhile the power is optimally generated in the three scenarios of load increasing, load reduction and generator outage.
Energy Management
H. Shayeghi; E. Shahryari
Abstract
Utilizing distributed generations (DGs) near load points has introduced the concept of microgrid. However, stochastic nature of wind and solar power generation as well as electricity load makes it necessary to utilize an energy management system (EMS) to manage hourly power of microgrid and optimally ...
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Utilizing distributed generations (DGs) near load points has introduced the concept of microgrid. However, stochastic nature of wind and solar power generation as well as electricity load makes it necessary to utilize an energy management system (EMS) to manage hourly power of microgrid and optimally supply the demand. As a result, this paper utilizes demand response program (DRP) and battery to tackle this difficulty. To do so, an incentive-based DRP has been utilized and the effects of applying DRP on microgrid EMS problem have been studied. The objective functions of microgrid EMS problem include the total cost and emission. These metrics are combined in a multi-objective formulation and solved by the proposed multi-objective group search optimization (MOGSO) algorithm. After obtaining Pareto fronts, the best compromise solution is determined by using fuzzy decision making (FDM) technique. Studies have been employed on a test microgrid composed of a wind turbine, photovoltaic, fuel cell, micro turbine and battery while it is connected to the upper-grid. Simulation results approve the efficiency of the proposed method in hourly operation management of microgrid components.
Power System Stability
H. Shayeghi; A. Younesi
Abstract
In this paper a fuzzy logic (FL) based load frequency controller (LFC) called discrete FuzzyP+FuzzyI+FuzzyD (FP+FI+FD) is proposed to ensure the stability of a multi-source power system in restructured environment. The whale optimization algorithm (WOA) is used for optimum designing the proposed control ...
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In this paper a fuzzy logic (FL) based load frequency controller (LFC) called discrete FuzzyP+FuzzyI+FuzzyD (FP+FI+FD) is proposed to ensure the stability of a multi-source power system in restructured environment. The whale optimization algorithm (WOA) is used for optimum designing the proposed control strategy to reduce fuzzy system effort and achieve the best performance of LFC task. Further, to improve the system performance, an interline power flow controller (IPFC) and superconducting magnetic energy system (SMES) is included in the system. Governor dead band, generation rate constraint, and time delay are considered as important physical constraints to get an accurate understanding of LFC task. The performance of the optimized FP+FI+FD controller is evaluated on a two area six-unit hydro-thermal power system under different operating conditions which take place in a deregulated power market and varying system parameters in comparison with the classical fuzzy PID controller. Simulation results shows that WOA based tuned FP+FI+FD based LFC controller are relatively robust and achieve good performance for a wide change in system parameters considering system physical constraints.
Distribution Systems
Hossein Shayeghi; Masoud Alilou
Volume 3, Issue 2 , December 2015, , Pages 131-146
Abstract
In this paper, simultaneous placement of distributed generation, capacitor bank and protective devices are utilized to improve the efficiency of the distribution network. The objectives of the problem are reduction of active and reactive power losses, improvement of voltage profile and reliability indices ...
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In this paper, simultaneous placement of distributed generation, capacitor bank and protective devices are utilized to improve the efficiency of the distribution network. The objectives of the problem are reduction of active and reactive power losses, improvement of voltage profile and reliability indices and increasing distribution companies’ profit. The combination of firefly algorithm, particle swarm optimization and analytical hierarchy process is proposed to solve the multi-objective allocation problem. The proposed method is implemented on IEEE 69-bus and also an actual 22-bus distribution systems in Tehran-Iran. Test results approve the effectiveness of the proposed method for improved reliability and network performance of the distribution network.
